The concepts of safety culture and climate have become central to contemporary thinking on health and safety management (Cox & Flin, 1998; Clarke, 2000). A fundamental element of these approaches has involved an investigation of the relationships between safety attitudes and climate and some aspect of safety performance (for example, Zohar, 1980; Cox & Cox, 1991; Clarke, 2000). The majority of research into the assessment of culture and climate for safety has centred on the use of employee attitude surveys. It has been suggested (Williamson, Feyer, Cairns & Biancotti, 1997) that the perceptions and attitudes of workers are important factors in understanding safety climate and that survey instruments provide an effective means of assessing organisational safety issues (Bailey & Petersen, 1989).
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