Skip to main content

Are you looking for something more specific?

The term “Physical Agents" is commonly used to describe a group of sources of energy which have the capability of causing injury or disease to workers. Examples of physical agents include noise, vibration, electromagnetic radiation, electricity and…
Occupational safety and health (OSH) has always been influenced by environmental conditions. There is no greater influence on environmental conditions than that now being experienced as a result of climate change. These effects are already being widely…
Electricity is a relatively safe form of energy. It is a familiar and necessary part of everyday life, but electricity can kill or severely injure people and cause damage to property if not used sensibly. An electric shock occurs upon the contact of a (…
Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are produced by differences in voltage (electric field) or by electric current flow (magnetic field). A higher voltage difference or electric current leads to greater electromagnetic fields. Everyone is exposed to a complex…
The increase in average ambient temperature expected with climate change can have a significant impact on workplaces. Extreme heat events can cause significant health issues such as heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and other heat stress related illnesses.…
Optical radiation is found ubiquitously. It is not solely emitted by natural sources, e. g. the sun, but also by many artificial sources or applications. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is vectored electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength regime 100 nm to…
Ionising radiation can be described as the transfer of energy in the form of particles (such as alpha and beta particles) or electromagnetic waves (such as X-rays and gamma rays) of a wavelength of 100 nanometres or less or a frequency of 3 x 1015 hertz…
Lighting conditions in workplaces are of significant importance in respect of occupational safety and health. From the classical perspective, lighting aids visual performance and visual comfort. High lighting quality improves work performance and reduces…
Noise is unwanted sound that can cause impairments or damage to health. This article describes the problem of noise exposure at work places and the risk to health and safety of the workers. Different noise effects as hearing loss, physiological effects,…
There are more than 1.2 million workers estimated to be exposed to artificial UVR in EU-27 States. Male workers are much often exposed than women, in fact they account for about 90% of all workers exposed to artificial UVR [1]. On 5 April 2006, the…